iaspapers.info/category/general-studies" title='Read more about General Studies'>General Studies – 2003 (Main)

(Paper – I)

Time Allowed : Three Hours
Maximum Marks : 300

Candidate should attempt All questions strictly in accordance with instructions given under each question.

1. Answer any one of the following: (about 250 words)(30 marks)
* “The reforms of 1909 introduced a cardinal problem and ground of controversy at every revision of the Indian electoral system.” Comment.
* Discuss the problem that impeded the integration of the princely states into the Indian Union. How were these problems tackled?

2. Answer any two of the following: (about 150 words) (2 X 15 = 30 marks)
* ‘The mainstay of Mahatma Gandhi’s movements was the rural India.’ Elucidate.
* Discuss the character of major tribal uprisings in British India in the nineteenth Century.
* Bring out the ideological basis of the Moderate-Extermist divide in the Indian National Congress.

3. Write notes on the following: (about 20 words ) (15 X 2 = 30 marks)
* Arthasastra
* Saranath Pillar
* The Jatiya Sarkar of Tamluk
* Punnapra-Vayalar
* Sajjad Zahir
* Al-Hilal
* Har Dayal
* Khudai Khidmatgar
* Mahayana Cult
* W.W. Hunter
* Indu Lal Yajnik
* Achhut Patwardhan
* Sir William Jones
* James Wilson
* Ghulam-giri.

4. Answer any two of the following: (about 125 words) (2 X 10 = 20 marks)
* Describe the major characteristics of the rivers of Peninsular India.
* Account for the very high concentration of salt extraction industries in the Saurashtra and South Tamilnadu Coast.
* State the four distinctive stages of Indian Demographic history.

5. write short notes on the following: (about 20 words) (5 X 2 = 10 marks)
* Define Terai Region.
* Mention the areas of Shola forests in India.
* Who are the Todas and where do they live?
* Name any four priccipal languages of Andaman and Nicobar Islands.
* What is MRTS? Where it is in operation?

6. Answer any one of the following: (about 250 words) (30 marks)
* Discuss the question of death sentence and Presidential clemency.
* Explain the discretionary powers of the Governor of a State.

7. Answer any two of the following: (about 150 words) (2 X 15 = 30 marks)
* Highlight the signifucance of Forty Fourth Amendment to the Constitution of India
* Identify the major Fundamental Duties
* Explain the relevance of Rajya Sabha as a second chamber in the federal set up of Indian Parliamentary System.

8. Answer the following: (about 20 words) (2 X 5 = 10 marks)
* What is a point of order? When can it be raised?
* What is a Privilege Motion?
* State the difference between Council of Ministers and the Cabinet.
* How is the Vice President of India elected?
* What is meant by ‘sine-die’ adjournment?

9. Answer any one of the following: (about 250 words) (30 marks)
* Discuss the steps taken by Government to check child labour and promote child welfare.
* Suggest measures for the eradication of wide spread corruption in Public Life in India.

10. Answer any two of the following: (about 125 words) (2 X 10 = 20 marks)
* The issue of gender equality in India.
* Natural Heritage and Cultural Heritage.
* Identify the types of disabilities.

11. Answer any two of the following: (about 125 words) (2 X 10 = 20 marks)
* What are the distinctive features of the Lokpal Bill introduced in the Parliament this year?
* What is the Prime Minister’s Five-Point agenda fir India’s development as a Knowledge Society?
* What are the precinditions for the growth of Civil Society? Is Indian democracy conducive to it?

12. Write about the following (about 20 words) (5 X 2 = 10 marks)
* Anthrax
* Radiation and its effects
* The Statue of Liberty
* George Walker Bush
* Genome.

Psychology – 2000 (Main) (Paper – I)

Time Allowed : Three Hours
Maximum Marks : 300
All questions carry equal marks.

SECTION  ‘A’

Q. 1. Answer any three of the following in not more than 200 words each :

(a) What is the basic difference between the experimental and correlational methods of psychology?

(b) How do models help in the process of socialization ?

(c) How can the contributions of heredity and environment be isolated in the study of human behaviour.

(d) How can the phenomenon of perceptual defence be demonstrated experimentally ?

Q. 2. Explain how operant conditioning be used to establish behaviour which is not spontaneously emitted by an organism.

Q. 3. Giving an account of Piagets’s theory of cognitive development bring out the difference in the modes of thinking at different stages of development.

Q. 4. What is the theoretical and utilitarian justification of the concepts of aptitude and intelligence

SECTION `B’

Q. 5. Answer any three of the following in not more than 200 words each :

(a) How is perception of inanimate objects different from the person perception ?

(b) What is the importance of discrimination and generalization in learning ?

(c) Is national character a valid concept ?

(d) How experimenter effects and demand characteristics influence the findings of an experimental study ?

Q. 6. Illustrate and discuss the salient features of motivated behaviour.

Q. 7. Critically examine the optimistic conclusions of humanistic theories regarding human nature and existence.

Q. 8. Discuss the problems encountered in the use of verbal statements as the items of attitude scales.

Psychology – 2000 (Main) (Paper – II)

Time Allowed : Three Hours
Maximum Marks : 300
INSTRUCTIONS
All questions carry equal marks.

SECTION  ‘A’

Q. 1.  Answer any three of the following (each answer should not exceed 200 words) :

(a) Briefly describe the classification of psychological discorders.

(b) Show your acquaintance with atleast am one theory of group behaviour.

(c) Show conceptual relationship between social change and organizational change.

(d) How can cognitive therapy help a person develop his cognition ?

Q. 2. There have been various leadership and management theories and styles. Which one of them do you consider to be the most suitable in the Indian condition ? Give reasons.

Q. 3. Discuss Maslow’s theory of need-hierarchy. Can Maslow’s theory be applied-to industries ?

Q. 4. What is stress? Can you suggest some Indian techniques for stress management ? Elaborate.

SECTION ‘B’

Q. 5. Answer any three of the following (each answer should not exceed 200 words) :

(a) Describe the concept of deprivation.

(b) Give your idea about nosological systems of metal disorders.

(c) How can you motivate people to achieve ?

(d) Discuss the impact of television in opinion formation.

Q. 6. Highlight the problems of alcoholism and drug addiction. Suggest measures to fight them.

Q. 7. Discuss the psychological theories and contributions of psychology in effective advertising.

Q. 8. What is organizational communication ? What will be the form of organizational communication in the 21st century because of the advent of information technology ?

Psychology – 1999 (Main)

Paper-1
Time Allowed : Three Hours
Maximum Marks : 300

Candidates should attempt Questions 1 and 5 which are compulsory and any three of the remaining questions selecting at least one question from each Section.

All questions carry equal marks.

SECTION A
1. Answer any three of the following in not more than 200 words each :
(a) What is Reminiscene ? Discuss this phenomenon in terms of interference processes.

(b) Is it necessary to conceptualize self as a determinant of behaviour besides heredity and environment ? Give real life examples to support your contention.

(c) Explain the scanning and the focusing strategies in attainment of concepts.

(d) Give your arguments in support of claiming psychology a science.

2. Why is psychological experiment described as observation under controlled conditions ? Explain, with illustration, the difference between control-groups and within-subjects designs of experiment.

3. What are perceptual styles ? Evaluate attempts to conceptualise them as personality variables.

4. Describe, in brief, the typical classical and operant conditioning experiments. Comment on the nature of reinforcement in the two. Are they basically different ?

SECTION B
5. Answer any three of the following in not more than 200 words each :
(a) Which model of man is most suited and relevant to behaviour modification ?

(b) State and evaluate the Drive-reduction theory of motivation. Has it any relevance to homeostasis?

(c) Discuss the importance of military psychology highlighting the functions of psychologists in the aviation sphere.

(d) Can attitudes be changed ? Discuss the factors to be considered in changing attitudes.

6. Explain the concept of intelligence quotient. Has it outlived its utility for explaining individual differences ? Is the concept of emotional quotient (EQ) more useful in this regard ?

7. Elucidate Freud’s conceptualization of human personality. discuss its implications for counselling therapy.

8. Elucidate the main features of Skinner’s and Chomsky’s theory of language development and indicate their application.